The most common are INSERT, SELECT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE, ALTER and DROP for managing data and structures. More complex queries also support merging, upserts and recursion.

PostgreSQL uses roles for access control, SSL for encryption, firewalls, and auditing logs to harden security.

Official connectors exist for Java, Python, PHP, .NET, Node.js and Ruby allowing access from these languages.

For advanced data types, strong integrity, high concurrency, replication or other enterprise features where performance matters.

Using tables, columns, constraints and schemas to group logically. Views provide virtual tables; JSON supports flexible schemas.

Replication distributes reads. Connection pooling and query optimization enhance performance. Indexes and partitioning improve data retrieval.